Appendix V: Sentences
Naltrexone did not seem to have a specific effect on plasma beta-endorphin levels; short-term haloperidol treatment was associated with an increase, whereas long-term haloperidol treatment seemed to have a depressive effect on plasma beta-endorphin levels, which rose after withdrawal of haloperidol.
The present experiments were undertaken to assess hepatic lactate metabolism in the overnight-fasted, conscious dog after a physiological elevation in glucagon.
The observed antioxidant effect can be ascribed to two independent phenomena produced by fibrates: the reduction of the amount of substrate for the oxidation process due to their hypolipidemic activity, and the alteration in the type of fatty acids transported by the lipoproteins towards an enrichment in species resistant to the oxidation process.
The largest decreases in lung functions (DeltaPEF = -33.8 +/- 6.7% and DeltaV(T) = -26.2 +/- 6.8%) were recorded during the fourth exposure, which was to cold air + NO(2) at 4 ppm.
These studies indicate that cyclic AMP does not inhibit butyrate-dependent electroneutral Na-Cl absorption and we propose that the mechanism of cyclic AMP inhibition of HCO3-dependent electroneutral Na-Cl absorption may be a result of its inhibition of Cl-HCO3, not Na-H exchange.
Reduction by beta-endorphin of efflux of dopamine and DOPAC from superfused medial basal hypothalamus.
Purification and properties of epithelial growth inhibitor (EGI) from human platelets: its separation from type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta).
When linoleic acid and AA were incubated with PRP in equimolar concentrations for 90 min, an inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation was observed which was not observed after incubation with these FA separately.
Thus, dilatation of arterioles in response to activation of ATP-sensitive K+ channels appears to be specific and does not involve the release of nitric oxide or a nitric oxide containing compound.
The effect of vanadate was independent of the GTP concentration at which the polymerization assays were performed (0.025 to 1 mM GTP).
Test samples were incubated with increasing doses (1-5,000 micrograms/ml) of LTA or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 for 1 h at 37 degrees C; then assayed for degradation of C3, C4 or factor B by crossed immunoelectrophoresis.
Conversely, disruption of the actin cytoskeleton of untransformed fibroblasts leads to the loss of PDGF-betaR function.
Here we concentrate on the mammalian telomere, recent progress in its study, and how recent evidence for an involvement of telomeres in the regulation of gene expression and DNA replication in yeast points to new aspects of mammalian telomere function yet to be explored.
Early use of G-CSF or GM-CSF can shorten the duration of granulocytopenia from a mean of 16 to 8 days and reduce the morbidity of the disorder.
A nuclease-deficient Mre11 mutant that still binds DNA can also stimulate degradation by wild-type Mre11, suggesting that Mre11-DNA complexes may interact to bridge DNA ends and facilitate DNA joining.
From these observations, neither PGs, OPN nor DSP appear to be responsible for calcium accumulation in HEBP-affected circumpulpal dentin.
The substrate itself may, in turn, induce the cells to manufacture their extracellular material and specific cell surface proteins which control the cellular shape.
U-73122 and propranolol, a phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase inhibitor, reduced the ET-1-stimulated HSP 27 accumulation.
VMN 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid levels, an index of serotonin release, were lower in obese and heterozygous than in homozygous lean pups and were not correlated with plasma insulin levels.
With both the gene product and the in vitro transcript, and using the sensitive RNase T2 assay, we were unable to detect under our conditions the presence of a dinucleotide carrying mcm5Um and that would be therefore refractory to hydrolysis.
Using various modifications of Sabouraud's medium and a rice medium microscopic examinations revealed in the examined strains of T. verrucosum the presence of chlamydospores (Sabouraud's medium without sugar) macroconidia (rice medium) and spiral forms (Sabouraud's medium with gluconic acid or natrium sulphite) analogical to the forms noted in Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Human haemoglobin or globin in its native form reacts with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) with uptake of two 3-carboxylato-4-nitrothiophenol groups, one for each of the reactive thiols at the beta93 positions.
Levels of HSL mRNA assessed by Northern blot analysis also increased twofold (P < .01) in adipose cells isolated from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and remained elevated after insulin treatment.
Finally a search in the SwissProt databank for proteins with properties similar to those derived from the amino acid composition of CK2beta indicated that CK2beta is related to protein phosphatase 2A and to other phosphatases as well as to a subunit of some ion-transport ATPases.
A panel of hybrids previously derived from fusions between a chemically transformed hamster cell line and normal human fibroblasts (A. Stoler and N. Bouck, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82: 570-574, 1985) has been used to test whether or not anchorage independence, lack of actin cables, and angiogenic activity, three characteristics of transformed cells considered necessary but not sufficient for neoplasia, are coordinately regulated.
Recent work has demonstrated the effectiveness of sequential pneumatic compression, adjusted-dose heparin, and the combination of antithrombin III and fixed-dose heparin.
In response to hippocampal lesions, apolipoprotein E and apolipoprotein J messenger RNAs were significantly up-regulated seven and 11 days post-lesion but the expression of low density lipoprotein receptor, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein, receptor-associated protein, glycoprotein 330/Megalin, and very low density lipoprotein receptor messenger RNAs were unchanged.
Mater encodes a maternal protein in mice with a leucine-rich repeat domain homologous to porcine ribonuclease inhibitor.
Nicotine-induced catecholamine synthesis after lesions to the dorsal or ventral noradrenergic bundle.
The regulatory step for Ca(2+)- and calmodulin-dependent control of renin secretion was studied in rabbit renal cortical slices.
The protein, named JKTBP, contains two repeats of a putative RNA binding domain (RBD), each composed of canonical RNP-2 and RNP-1 motifs, and a glycine- and tyrosine-rich carboxyl terminus.
In isolated nucleoli the synthesis of RNA is restricted to rRNA.
Fifteen patients with septic shock and perfusion failure received a 20-min infusion of glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK, glucose 50%, 1 g/kg body weight; insulin 1.5 U/kg, potassium, 10 mMol) after volume loading and vasoactive medication had failed to eliminate hypotension and lactacidemia.
NT2 cells in these grafts acquired molecular markers of fully mature neurons including the low, middle, and high molecular weight neurofilament proteins, microtubule-associated protein 2, tau, and synaptophysin.
Seven of 7 patients with dystonic flexion of the little and ring fingers showed loss of silent periods between poorly formed bursts in FDS or EDC.
On this background, we studied the ACTH and beta-END response to HA or restraint stress in conscious, male dizygotic AVP-deficient Brattleboro rats (DI) and compared the hypothalamic content of CRH and catecholamines in these rats with that of nondiabetic isogenic Long-Evans rats (LE).
Light microscopic analyses have shown that both subunits are expressed in cell bodies and dendrites of 65-92% of corticocortically projecting pyramidal neurons and in 92-100% of parvalbumin (PV)-, calretinin (CR)-, and somatostatin (SOM)-containing GABAergic neurons.
Piracetam (100 mg/kg) produced significantly higher cortical concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine and lower concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, indicating a reduced 5-HT turnover.
The conclusion that osteoclast differentiation is stimulated by ascorbic acid was obtained whether osteoclast differentiation was induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or parathyroid hormone, whether ST2 or CIMC-2 cells were used as mesenchymal support cells, and whether osteoclast precursors were obtained from spleen or bone marrow.
The prolactin surge could therefore be influenced by this ODC-dependent effect of TRH: The pro-oestrous-specific response to TRH may be a consequence of the increased ODC activity seen at this time.
Effects of increased arterial epinephrine on insulin, glucose and phosphate.
In DS, high salt intake attenuated the [Ca2+]i response to thrombin in the presence of external Ca2+.
For HLA-DR4, a 12kb/DQ beta/Bam HI fragment was increased in Caucasoid IDDM, but since this fragment is haplotype specific in Caucasoids and occurs in most healthy DR4- and w9-positive Asians, the 12 kb fragment may be a marker for a DR beta subtype of DR4 associated with IDDM in Caucasoids only.
Thus, in immortalized brown adipocytes, co-transfection of both a C/EBPalpha and a pRB expression vectors maximally enhanced the expression of reporter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase driven by the ucp-1 promoter.
Liposomal muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE) promotes haemopoietic recovery in irradiated mouse.
Inhibition was not affected by addition of 200 microM Ca2+ to the medium, indicating that it was not related to iron binding to the high affinity Ca2+ binding sites in the ATPase.
Monoclonal antibody ID-5 caused significant inhibition of tritiated thymidine incorporation in SKBr3, SKOv3, and OVCA 420 cells (p < 0.002).
Fourteen untreated patients died (from liver failure in 10 and HCC in 4); all but 3 had continued to be HBeAg-positive with elevated ALT.
Fatty acids are known to affect either negatively and/or positively the binding of steroid hormones to their specific plasma transport proteins and their specific intracellular receptors and, very recently, fatty acids have also been shown to co-regulate glucocorticoid-dependent gene expression.
Both synthetic (Exosurf) and natural (Survanta) surfactant inhibited fibroblast [3H]thymidine incorporation.
Here, we found that Raf-1 CRR interacts directly with Ha-Ras independently of RBD and that participation of CRR is necessary for efficient Ras-Raf binding.
There was a significant dose dependent reduction of total sodium efflux rate constant due to a reduction in ouabain sensitive sodium pump activity, glycoside insensitive efflux rate constants being unaffected.
RESULTS: Control animals with plasma cortisol levels of approximately 400 nM did not exhibit infiltration of eosinophils into lung parenchyma or EPO-release in the bronchial lumen within 8 h after challenge.
Increased endothelin-1 production in fibroblasts derived from patients with systemic sclerosis.
PURPOSE: First, to investigate the role of sucrose in stabilizing protein structure (as measured by changes in the amide I band of lysozyme) caused by dehydration encountered during lyophilization.
Carbon sources for D-lactate formation were investigated in vitro using 6,000 x g supernatant of rat liver homogenate and by rat liver perfusion in situ.
So, while the defect in amino acid transsulfuration that is responsible for homocystinuria can directly affect the synthesis or activity of some clotting factors, homocysteine concentration is not responsible for this effect.
High-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP, 20-30 mg/kg/day po) treatment has been shown to increase the number of bone marrow and peripheral blood CD34 positive progenitors and serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) levels in patients with ALL and AML.
They did not express glial fibrillary acidic protein or the alpha receptor for platelet-derived growth factor, indicating that they are distinct from astrocytes or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
The hypothalamic magnocellular system of male albino rats served as a model for this study; neurons were stained with anti-neurophysin sera, which mark the vasopressin- and oxytocin-associated proteins.
The lipopolysaccharide was extracted from cells of Hafnia alvei PCM 1188 strain and, after mild acid hydrolysis, the O-specific polysaccharide isolated and characterized.
The presence of avidin-binding substances in addition to biotin may have confounded previous measurements of the concentration of biotin in serum, plasma, and blood when avidin-binding assays were used.
They practically disappeared on replacing external Ca2+ with Mg2+ and were blocked by millimolar additions of Cd2+ to the bath.
This is consistent with significantly higher activities (two to five-fold) of the key regulatory enzymes of the de novo purine synthesis pathway (PRPP synthetase, amido-phosphoribosyl transferase and adenylosuccinate synthase) in the undifferentiated cells.
Furthermore, in parous mice this compound is still effective when DNA synthesis is blocked by cytosine arabinoside-beta-D-arabinofuranoside.
ADX lowered liver glycogen content and reduced the fatty acid content of liver, epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT), and interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) of fed GTG-obese mice.
Stereoselectivity was observed only in the depression of responses to N-methyl-D-aspartic acid where (+)-1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-3-methyl piperidine was 3.3-fold more potent in suppressing N-methyl-D-aspartic acid depolarizations than its (-) isomer.
Modulation of collagen metabolism by glucocorticoids. Receptor-mediated effects of dexamethasone on collagen biosynthesis in chick embryo fibroblasts and chondrocytes.
In summary, we provide the first evidence that SCF can significantly enhance expansion of functional NK cells induced by the prolonged administration of low dose IL-2 in vivo.
A dinitrosyl-iron complex may serve under biologic conditions to stabilize the NO- radical, which has an extremely short half-life.
Since angiotensin II preferentially constricts the efferent arterioles, and since hypertensive patients have increased renovascular sensitivity to angiotensin II, this may explain why angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are the only drugs which actually lower intraglomerular pressure and why they reduce renal damage in hypertensive disease.
In CO2-free Ringer, net exogenous bicarbonate translocation is equal to s.c.c.
Treatment of cells with a protein kinase C (PKC) agonist, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), caused a significant decrease (38.03 +/- 0.05%) in methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside transport activity that could not be emulated by 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate.
The responses of human cutaneous, pulmonary, intestinal, and cardiac tissue mast cells to the histamine-releasing agent morphine sulfate (MS) were investigated in vitro.
Infusion of increasing doses of angiotensin II (AII) in normal subjects sequentially increased blood pressure, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels.
These results establish a role for metal ions in the binding of 1-butaneboronic acid to Aeromonas amino-peptidase and strongly imply that a bound Zn2+ ion interacts directly with substrate during catalysis but not during initial binding of substrate.
Six subjects with short term (< 2 years) metal on metal surface replacement arthroplasties had 3-fold elevations in serum chromium, 4-fold elevations in urine chromium, and 4-fold elevations in serum cobalt concentrations in comparison with subjects with McKee-Farrar implants.
Antisense inhibition of P-glycoprotein expression using peptide-oligonucleotide conjugates.
The chemical messengers involved include cytokines, growth factors, local hormones, and products of arachidonate metabolism.
After enzymatic hydrolysis, an enzymatic color development reagent for steroids, either 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase or 3 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidase, are added and the dye formed is measured spectrophotometrically.
Increased incidence of homogeneous immunoglobulins in irradiated, reconstituted mice after prolonged treatment with 2'-deoxyguanosine.
Furthermore, there was no clear-cut dose response relationship between the injected CRF dosages and the maximal ACTH- and cortisol levels.
By contrast, the E2F-1 protein accumulates in a caspase-independent manner following K(+) withdrawal, a consequence of increased gene transcription.
Although many enzymes are known to reduce nitrofurans in vitro (e.g., xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, DT-diaphorase, mitochondrial redox chain components), their contributions were insignificant in living Caco-2 cells.
Neither BN, NM-C nor NM-B affected reuptake of 3H-5-HT into HYP synaptosomes alone or in combination with any of the peptidase inhibitors, nor did these peptides alter the ability of fluoxetine to inhibit 3H-5-HT uptake.
Melanin-concentrating hormone stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and gonadotropins in the female rat acting at both median eminence and pituitary levels.
Efficient singlet oxygen inactivation of firefly luciferase.
In the reaction of head twitching (HT) in mice in response to 5-oxytryptophan administration in the capacity of a serotonergic model antidepressants chlorimipramine and imipramine and also chlorpheniramine (suprastin) expressed a serotonopositive action in doses of 1.0, 5,0, and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively.
Since this effect is inhibited by NO synthesis inhibitors, and since L-arginine is precursor of NO, the observation indicates a role for NO in insulin secretion from beta cells.
By virtue of its possible involvement in sodium homeostasis and its homology to cyclophilin, this molecule might have significant implications in the mechanism of cyclosporine-induced renal insufficiency and hypertension.
The effects of adrenalectomy on brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein (UCP) mRNA and beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3-AR) mRNA were also investigated.
Colostrum production ranged from 1216 to 4493 g and immunoglobulin production from 22-21 to 86-34 g during the eight feeds studied.
A pH-dependent polarity change at the binuclear center of reduced cytochrome c oxidase detected by FTIR difference spectroscopy of the CO adduct.
The test sequence, performed in 10 to 20 min, includes spirometry, a single-breath N2 washout, and measurement of the diffusing capacity of the lung for CO.
CONCLUSION: Increased IgG anti-CII in sera and SF in RA correlated directly with acute phase reactants and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6.
When the observed equilibrium parameters were employed and appropriate values for c and for Kf (the Kd for completely occupied binding sites) were chosen as 1.45 and 0.00045 nM, respectively, the theoretical curve for competition by FSH against labeled LH coincided almost exactly with the observed curve.
The separation was performed on a conventional C18 column using a binary mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 50 mM ammonium acetate at pH 5.7, and elution was carried out in gradient mode.
PHRA1.8 PLR7.2 cells synthesize GDP-fucose and have normal or increased levels of GDP-fucose:glycoprotein fucosyltransferase when assayed in vitro.
Deoxycytidine kinase and deoxycytidine deaminase values correspond closely to clinical response to cytosine arabinoside remission induction therapy in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia.
With Ba2+ as the major charge carrier, Ca+ in the electrode, and TEA to block K+ currents, ramp depolarization activated an inward current consisting mostly of current through L-type Ca2+ channels.
FGF affected collagen synthesis only in the presence of 200 microM ascorbic acid, producing both a stimulation (0.4-2 ng/ml) and an inhibition (greater than 50 ng/ml).
METHODS: Somatostatin and substance P receptors were measured using in vitro receptor autoradiography in well-defined submucosal and subserosal vessels located in the immediate surroundings of human colorectal carcinomas or in normal colon taken at increasing distances from the tumor.
Epoxide intermediates of DCE metabolism, reacting by water addition, would yield dialdehyde, a potent cross-linking reagent.
The vasotocin analogue [Phe2,Orn8]oxytocin, a specific vasopressin V1 receptor agonist, also displayed high antihaemophilic and fibrinolytic potencies, expressed in terms of ED50 values, but did not reach the same maximal response as vasopressin V2 receptor agonists.
Apo-E-stimulated cholesteryl ester formation by the enzyme was enhanced when 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerophosphocholine was used as a substrate phospholipid (45% of apo A-I/phosphatidylcholine control) and most pronounced with dimyristoylglycerophosphocholine (75% of apo A-I/phosphatidylcholine control).
The tyrosine phosphorylation of two predominant proteins of molecular mass 40 and 42 kDa is seen in PC-12 cells treated with NGF or EGF, correlating with activation of a previously identified serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein (MAP).
The antibiotic does not induce gross alteration in the cell membrane but inhibits cyclic AMP accumulation in the cells exposed to a glucose-free medium.
Detection and mapping of homologous, repeated and amplified DNA sequences by DNA renaturation in agarose gels.
The effectiveness of the various nucleophilic reagents in complex formation decreases in the following order: sulfite greater than cyanide greater than hydroxylamine.
Based on previously published observations regarding the protective effects of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) against gamma radiation, alkylating agents and ultraviolet radiation, we hypothesized that the protection against such DNA damaging treatments can be the result of a 'stress'-like response induced by these cytokines and mediated by early response cellular gene(s).
Purified TGF-beta also stimulated DNA synthesis in primary cultured meningioma cells, but no effect was seen in U 251MG human glioma cells.
At equimolar concentrations, Des(1-6)IGF-II (an IGF-II analog with much reduced affinity for IGFBPs) and rpIGFBP-2 had additive effects on GE cell mitogenesis, suggesting that the IGFBP-2 modulation of uterine cell growth may involve both IGF-dependent and IGF-independent pathways.
The presence of G-protein beta subunits and the alpha subunits of Gi1, Gi2, and Gi3 was detected, by immunoblot analysis, in Mono Q-purified phospholipase C activator preparations.
However, our finding that spermidine accumulates markedly in the spermine-deficient Gy/Y cells can probably explain this increased resistance.
A conversion of the reaction of two cytoplasmic glycolysis enzymes, phosphoglycerate mutase and phosphopyruvate hydratase, is necessary for sucrose synthesis from pyruvate in leaves of C4-plants in the light, when phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis from pyruvate and phosphoglycerate reduction can be carried out by chloroplasts.
Co-transfections of the promoter with Sp1, Sp3 and GABP factors in Drosophila SL2 Schneider cells, which lack of endogenous Sp factors, demonstrated that both Sp1 and Sp3 are positive regulators of the utrophin promoter and that they activate transcription synergistically with GABP.
Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, did not affect the renal effects of these beta-blockers.
The 14 classic chordomas showed the following pattern of antigen expression (percent of tumors positive): epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) 100%, AE 1/3 (a "cocktail" of monoclonal antibodies directed against low and high molecular weight epidermal cytokeratins) 100%, DP keratin (DPK) 100%, vimentin 100%, S100 86%, neuron specific enolase (NSE) 100%, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 57%, and HMB-45 (an anti-melanoma-associated antibody) 57%.
The minimal concentration of MAP 2 required for gel formation of actin filaments was increased with increasing amounts of phosphate incorporated into MAP 2, and the phosphorylated MAP 2, into which 10.3 mol of phosphate/mol of protein had been incorporated, did not cause actin filaments to gel under the experimental conditions used.
The effect of desferal on rat heart mitochondrial function, iron content, and xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase conversion during ischemia-reperfusion.
The effectiveness of fluoride ions provided by toothpastes and mouthrinses in promoting remineralization can be limited by the low concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in saliva.
K(ATP) currents activated by either agent were inhibited by tolbutamide, with an IC50 for leptin-activated currents of 9.0 microM.
GSH levels are also affected differently in the organs studied after APAP administration; the lungs seem to be the primary organ undergoing the depleting action of APAP.
Treatment of the BL6 melanoma cells in vitro with N-methyl-N'-nitronitrosoguanidine dramatically increased their expression of H-2Kb and H-2Db antigens as well as beta 2-microglobulin but not Class 2 major histocompatibility complex antigens.
The influence of a moderate dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) (3.4 g eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids per day) for six months on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated monocyte procoagulant activity (PCA) was studied in two series of experiments, evaluating the plasma and cellular phases, respectively.
We speculate that a decrease in alpha iNa after treatment with captopril may contribute to the well-documented ability of ACE inhibitors to reduce cardiac mass.
Western blot analysis of porcine corpus luteum heparin binding proteins using antibodies to acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor.
FPA generation test provides a sensitive tool to study the events leading to the production of fibrin from fibrinogen.
Drug-induced changes in DNA and phosphatidylcholine metabolism were also noted in lung, liver and brain tissue.
In the patients, values for CBF, CMRO2, and CMRglc have been shown to drop by 30-50% in comparison to age-matched normal controls.
After incubation of human platelet with different concentrations of SM-12502 the cells were subsequently stimulated with either the Ca ionophore A23187, with human thrombin, or with an activator of heterotrimeric G-proteins, sodium fluoride (NaF, in the presence of Al3+).
Complete enzymatic delipoylation of PDC, the E2-kinase subcomplex, or recombinant L2 abolished the stimulatory effects of NADH and acetyl-CoA.
These results suggest a role of a regulatory G-protein and minute local changes in the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+ in TNF- and GM-CSF-induced neutrophil degranulation.
In the preeclampsia group, ALT and AST concentrations were not significantly higher than those in normal pregnancy, but the LDH concentrations increased and the platelet counts decreased significantly through the pregnancy.
In the absence of androgen, a compensatory increase in the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) enhances the ability of the androgen receptor to bind to the response elements regulating PSA gene expression.
In addition, TGF-beta1 directly induced chemotaxis and invasion of PC3 cells in a dose-dependent manner.
A bifunctional molecule was genetically engineered which contained an amino-terminal effector domain that bound immunoglobulin Fc (fragment B of staphylococcal protein A) and a carboxyl-terminal domain that bound digoxin [a single-chain Fv (sFv)].
Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking agents reduce beta-adrenergic activity and depress sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction.
We attempted to determine whether these monochlorohydrins and monoepoxides were produced from LA by the cytochrome-c-H2O2-and/or myeloperoxidase-H2O2-system.
In the present study, we designed mutations in the conserved portion of the myotube-specific region; transfection analysis of these mutations showed that a novel site located between the MyoD and MEF2 sites, named Mt (GGTATTT), is required for full transcriptional activity of the desmin enhancer in skeletal muscle.
The parameters examined were: platelet aggregation induced by ADP (1 and 3 mumol/l), Arachidonic Acid (AA) (1.3 mmol/l) and collagen (2 micrograms/ml); the presence of circulating platelet aggregates and plasmatic fibrinogen levels.
Furthermore, Lubin ('64) has shown that low [K+]i concentrations also cause a decrease in DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.
Two conserved helices, designated A and B, at the entrance to the MTP cavity mediate lipid acquisition and binding.
This interpretation is supported by the finding in the present study that trimethylamine N-oxide, which is known to counteract the destabilizing effect of urea, completely inhibited the accumulation of amino nitrogen (ninhydrin-positive substances) in media stronger than 720 mosmol/kg, as well as leading to further reduction of steady-state cell water contents, but was without effect on either variable in more dilute media.
Within the group of heterocyclic analogs, 3-(2-thienyl)alanine proved to be the best modification, displaying a delta receptor Ki of 1.38 nM, while the polar histidine analog suffered the greatest loss in delta binding (Ki = 317).
Affinities of the biologically potent analogs for VDR did not parallel their abilities either to transactivate VDRE-CAT or to mediate a biological affect on HL-60 cells.
The corticotropin-releasing factor test in the diagnosis of ectopic ACTH secretion.
Together these data suggest a complex regulation of mGluR1 during development, with sufficient expression of functional receptors in the developing hypothalamus to modulate morphogenesis and synaptogenesis, and later to play a role in transduction of glutamate signals in the adult.
Mean urine protein and creatinine levels did not differ significantly between young and old, and did not account for the increase in urine IL-1 levels.
Lipocortin I is a 39-kilodalton membrane-associated protein that in A431 cells is phosphorylated on tyrosine in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF).
Catecholamine secretion evoked by caffeine (40 mM) was markedly enhanced by replacing NaCl in the medium with sucrose or KCl in the absence, but not in the presence, of extracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ in both perfused adrenal glands and isolated chromaffin cells of the guinea pig.
It is suggested that rates of oxidation of lipid fuels may be a major determinant of the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in tissues in relation to the actions of insulin and lipolytic hormones and the effects of diabetes and starvation.
DNA demethylase is a processive enzyme.
Increased lung collagen and increased collagen synthesis by lung fibroblasts is well recognized in pulmonary fibrosis. gamma-Interferon has been shown to inhibit collagen synthesis by fibroblasts.
As glucocorticoids regulate interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) production, we hypothesized that IFN alpha, a cytokine produced predominantly by monocytes in AIDS, should be increased in cortisol-resistant AIDS, attributing the lack of cortisol inhibition to IFN alpha production.
Mutations in the insulin receptor gene cause the severe insulin-resistant syndromes leprechaunism and Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, whose metabolic features include fasting hypoglycemia, post-prandial hyperglycemia, and extremely elevated insulin levels.
The effect of the beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist prenalterol on the metabolic parameters glucose, lactate, free fatty acids and serum-insulin were studied in 8 healthy volunteers.
The products of the reaction may be acid stable ester phosphate or acid labile glycosyl phosphate as well as inorganic phosphate.
Serum erythropoietin (EPO) and granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) levels were determined in 12 children with acute and seven with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) prior to and during megadose methylprednisolone (MDMP) treatment by using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) kits.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 or dexamethasone modulate arachidonic acid uptake and distribution into glycerophospholipids by normal adult human osteoblast-like cells.
However, in the same experiment, SRIF was much more potent as an inhibitor of growth hormone release.
In all groups of animals there was a statistically significant decrease in the uptake of food, AMV or ZC, as well AMV-ZC solutions, as compared with the food and water taken up by the control group.
This study examined the hypothesis that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is up-regulated in uterine arteries during pregnancy, and that ephedrine stimulates NOS to release nitric oxide (NO) and diminish direct vasoconstriction.
However, it remains to be examined whether short-term estrogen administration ameliorates myocardial ischemia caused by increased myocardial oxygen demand in postmenopausal women with CAD.
Cells were fixed in 0.5% formaldehyde, briefly exposed to nonionic detergent, and subsequently labeled with mouse monoclonal anti-TdT antibodies followed by fluorescein-conjugated antimouse IgG and propidium iodide (PI), which was used for the simultaneous analysis of DNA content.
The tyrosine phosphorylations of both proteins reached a maximum at 1 nM ET-3.
Renal tubular function was evaluated in vitro by kidney slice uptakes of p-aminohippurate (PAH) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) at 24 and 48 h in water-drinking rats and at 24 h in chronic saline-loaded rats after induction of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) by HgCl2 and glycerol injection.
These organs are medium salt-sensitive organs. tNA of the pancreas of DSS with 8% was lower than 0.4% which was not different from DSR with 0.4 and 8%.
CitH transported citrate in complex with Ca(2+), Ba(2+), and Sr(2+) but not in complex with Mg(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), and Zn(2+).
In contrast, the lipids of the mammary tumors contained much lower amounts of neutral lipids and higher concentrations of phospholipids.
Adjacent brain sections from male and female pups were immunocytochemically stained for serine(133) phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) or total CREB on the day of birth.
Only Ara AMP caused a retardation of epithelial healing and an actual increase in the defect after 4 days of treatment.
Osmotically active solutes and negative hydrostatic pressure both lower water potential by stretching the hydrogen bonds between water molecules (Hammel-Scholander hypothesis).
After 15 min of perfusion with insulin or bradykinin, subcellular membrane fractions of the heart were prepared, and distribution of glucose transporter protein (GLUT1 and GLUT4) in fractions enriched with surface membranes (transverse tubules [TTs] and sarcolemmal membranes [PMs]) and with low-density microsomal membranes (LDMs) were determined by immunoblotting with the respective antibodies.
ACTH treatment predominantly increased the abundance of IGFBP-1 and to a lesser extent IGFBP-3 in a time and dose-dependent fashion.
PCL increased from 18+/-2% (mean+/-SEM, n=27) in controls to approximately 85% with thrombolytics, with maximal rates at 0.12+/-0.03 mg/kg rtPA, 0.17+/-0.05 mg/kg streptokinase, and 0.018+/-0.002 mg/kg rSak.
The Kobs of the complex was then measured when 2-aminopurine or purine analogues were paired with uracil nucleotide, a base pair that serves to stabilize the DNA.
In an attempt to circumvent this limitation, we have used a computer program based on free energy minimization to predict secondary structures for 128 RNA sequences for which corresponding ribozymes or antisense oligonucleotides have been synthesized, tested, and reported in the literature.
In rat isolated caudal artery preparations, tetradecapeptide renin substrate enhanced the responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation (0.5 Hz, 10 s).
The myocardial mitochondrial electron-transport activity (NADH-cytochrome c reductase, succinate-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome c oxidase), and myocardial acetylcholine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured.
Chlordecone-treated rats showed a significant reduction in calmodulin levels in brain P2 fraction.
Carbon disulfide-modified LDL is recognized and degraded by the scavenger pathway of macrophages, but to a lesser extent than acetylated LDL.
During the same period three other groups of test sows were formed to use steroid hormones such as Gravignost, an oil solution of 2 mg estradiol benzoicum, and 40 mg testosterone propionate as well as the same preparation in combination with 30 mg vitamin E.
Previous findings have revealed that core protein can associate with lipid droplets which are intracellular storage sites for triacylglycerols and cholesterol esters.
Effects of some aldehyde binding agents on the in vitro synthesis of L-ascorbic acid.
The agonist beta-carboline derivative ZK 93423, the anxiolytic cyclopyrrolones suriclone and zopiclone and the purines inosine and hypoxanthine all failed to inhibit antibody binding, supporting previous suggestions that these drugs may bind at non-benzodiazepine recognition sites on the CNS receptor.
In the absence of ACTH significant amount of pregnenolone was formed (about 60 ng/adrenal) by isolated adrenal cells obtained from normal adult female rats during incubation with 10(-7) M of cyanoketone for 60 min.
Lack of iodide effect on serum and pituitary thyrotropin in vivo.
Epidermal growth factor modulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the human prostate.
The molecular-genetical investigation included PCR based amplification of immunoglobulin heavy chain CDR III region and the T-cell receptor gamma chain (TCR-gamma).
In the isolated perfused whole heart, CGRP had more pronounced stimulatory effects on ventricular contractile rate than on force compared to NA.
In MPL 3-4, the ATP-driven acidification of the endosome-containing cell fractions was slightly decreased (80% of controls), while acidification of the heavy lysosome-containing fraction was normal.
A total of 8 different genome types of adenovirus type 4 (Ad 4), Ad 4p, Ad 4p 1-3, Ad 4a, Ad 4a 1, Ad 4b, and Ad 4ch were identified among 50 selected human adenovirus isolates and 2 chimpanzee adenovirus strains using 16 restriction endonucleases Bam HI, Bcl I, Bgl I, Bgl II, Bst EII, Dra I, Eco RI, Eco RV, Hind III, Hpa I, Sal I, Sma I, Ssp I, Pst I, Xba I, and Xho I.
It is assumed that in the brain structures under study, the electroacupuncture effects are mediated by opiate receptors and are linked with enkephalin and endorphin release.
Results of in vitro experiments indicated that iloprost had no effect on the xanthine oxidase free-radical generating system including lipid peroxidation.
Initiation complex formation was stimulated by MeHg, as detected by radiolabelled methionine binding to 80S monoribosomes following continuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation.
This European multicenter project will recruit patients with coronary artery disease and chronic stable angina in order to compare the efficacy of the intrinsically long-acting amlodipine with an artificially extended-release formulation of diltiazem, a calcium antagonist with a short plasma half-life.
The Morphology of NKL cells resembles that of normal activated NK cells.
After delivery, the exaggerated acetaldehyde response to ethanol was increased, producing acetaldehyde concentrations 15-fold greater than in nonlactating controls.
Immunolabeling studies showed that the intraperoxisomal SCP2 content was significantly greater (P < 0.05) and the catalase content was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in LH-treated rats compared to to controls.
The method provided qualitative determination and differentiation of penicillinase and acylase activity in cultures of E. coli capable of simultaneous production of both enzymes.
Our findings indicate that Ca2+ signals do not abolish the bryostatin-induced enhanced degradation rate of cPKC observed in human T cells.
In addition, when groups 1 and 2 were compared with the control group, there was a significant decrease in goblet cells (p < 0.001), an increase in acute inflammatory cells, chronic inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, epithelial thickness and vascular density (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in mucopolysaccharide and collagen compositions (p > 0.05).
Binding assays using immobilized extracellular matrix proteins and soluble fibronectin showed specific and saturable binding of fibronectin to C. jejuni.
Our experiments indicate that AFP activity may result from its binding to anti-GalC antibody; it is possible that the Fc portion of the antibody is involved.
In conclusion, glycine does not prevent the phospholipid degradation induced by either exogenous PLA2 or hypoxia in isolated proximal tubules and yet affords protection against hypoxia and exogenous arachidonic acid.
The link between perinuclear mRNA localisation and translation has been investigated using cells transfected with chimeric gene constructs in which globin reporter sequences were linked to the c-myc 3'-untranslated region and the iron-responsive element from ferritin mRNA.
A novel, non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
These results clearly indicate differential modification potential of clofibrate for BHP-induced liver, pancreas and lung carcinogenesis in Syrian hamsters.
Prior treatment with staurosporine (1 microM), a PKC inhibitor, inhibited the effect of PMA on the BK-induced response, suggesting that the effect of PMA is mediated by the activation of PKC.
We measured the oxidation of the catecholamine by following the binding of [3H]DA to the sulfhydryl-rich protein alcohol dehydrogenase.
Apoptotic features preceded the increased membrane permeability revealed by the release of radioactivity from cells preloaded with tritiated adenine and by lactate dehydrogenase leakage.
The cloned O2 gene encodes a protein that contains a leucine zipper DNA binding domain that can interact with zein gene promoters.
Second, 3D-QSAR models were derived based on the affinity ratio IC(50)(MMP-8)/IC(50)(MMP-3), allowing the identification of key ligand determinants for selectivity toward one of both enzymes.
Conversely, IL-10 downregulates expression of many of these same genes and often antagonizes the effects of IFN-gamma.
However, there is a lack of information on the relative importance of diabetes-associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially the role of lipid levels, because low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol often is not elevated in diabetic individuals.
Treatment of HeLa cells with EGF in the presence of q resulted in a delayed c-fos gene expression and an accelerated increase and decrease of LDH k activity.
In addition, L-7743, 7726 was found to be capable of inhibiting, with 95% inhibitory concentrations of < or = 1.5 microM, a panel of NNRTI-resistant mutant viruses, each of which expressed a single RT amino acid substitution.
Biochemical aspects of the visual process. XXXVIII. Effects of lateral aggregation on rhodopsin in phospholipase C-treated photoreceptor membranes.
However, methylene blue (3.13-15.6 micromol kg[-1]) or LY 83583 (4.0-40.0 micromol kg[-1]), failed to affect pressor responses to either NA or pressor nerve stimulation.
Neither TRF1 nor TRF2 affected the expression level of telomerase.
Further evaluation of ACTH suppressibility by cortisol would be worthwhile, to confirm its potential value in facilitating positive diagnosis of Cushing's disease when dexamethasone suppressibility seems misleading.
The apparently higher inhibitory effect of the active enzyme clearly indicates that, in addition to the disintegrin region, the metalloproteinase domain of jararhagin also participates in this inhibition.
The maintenance of high PRL secretion despite the elevated content of DNA in the anterior pituitary suggests an age-related defect in the dynamics of DA in this gland; this defect may contribute to the loss of reproductive function in the aging rat.
We compared the effects of rabeprazole (a new proton pump inhibitor), lansoprazole, and ranitidine on gastric fluid properties in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded fashion in 180 adult patients undergoing elective surgery.
In contrast to well-characterized IL-4 signaling pathways, which utilize STAT6 and 4PS/IRS2, IL-13 signaling pathways are poorly understood.
After initial aminoacylation of a tRNA pool, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester chemistry is applied to biotinylate the alpha-NH2 group of the amino acid bound to the 3'-end of a tRNA.
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a leukocyte chemokine and activating agent with angiogenic properties that is present in diabetic vitreous and may play a role in diabetic vasculopathy.
The overproduction demonstration of urinary LTE4 during aspirin challenge and the decrease after desensitization in inversal direct proportion manner with TXB2 suggest a "shunting" of the arachidonic acid metabolites of the target cells.
Compared with controls, nontreated cirrhotic rats showed decreased serum levels of IGF-I (P <.05), reduced testicular size and weight (P <.001), and intense histopathological testicular abnormalities, including reduced tubular diameters (P <.001), loss of the germinal line (P <. 001), and diminutions in cellular proliferation, spermatogenesis (P <.001), and testicular transferrin expression (P <.001).
Complexes of mouse main band DNA with a fraction of non-histone proteins (NHP), having a high affinity for DNA, in the absence or presence of histones have been investigated by gradient centrifugation in metrizamide.
Diazoxide (0.3-3 mmol/L) significantly inhibited 3-O-MG uptake into adipocytes in a basal state or an insulin-stimulated state.
Incubation of minced rat ventral prostate with 3'-deoxyadenosine (3'-dA) prior to labeling with the androgen, tritiated 7 alpha, 17 alpha-dimethyl-19-nortestosterone, reduced the level of androgen receptor bound to chromatin and increased the level of cytosolic androgen receptor and the fraction of cytosolic androgen receptor that did not bind to DNA.
However, only S222A/MAPKK showed a reduction in phosphorylation in response to active MAPKKK and exerted a dominant negative effect on the serum-stimulated endogenous MAPKK.
To test the hypothesis that glucose metabolism is altered by iron deficiency, rates of glucose turnover and oxidation were assessed concurrently with the metabolic rate (VO2) in iron-deficient anemic rats and in normal rats at rest.
CONCLUSIONS: Consecutive administration of low-dose CDDP-5-FU appears to be useful as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy because of its preventive effect on NK cell suppression after surgery.
In this model, we investigated inhibitory effects of the modern luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) antagonist SB-75 and the agonist D-Trp6-LH-RH.
Prior to binding of the mercapto nucleotides to active sites, 6-mercaptopurine ribonucleoside triphosphate (6-S-ATP) and 8-mercaptoadenosine 5'-triphosphate (8-S-ATP) also have been further modified with fluorescent and chromogenic probes for energy-transfer measurements [Maurizi, M. R., Kasprzyk, P. G., & Ginsburg, A. (1986) Biochemistry (following paper in this issue)] or with electron-dense markers for electron microscopic and X-ray crystallographic structural analyses.
Thyroid hormones have been used so far in the following ways: 1) as T3 monotherapy in depression; 2) initial additive T3 for acceleration of the response to treatment with tricyclic antidepressants (TCA); 3) additive T3 for augmentation of the response to TCA in therapy-resistant patients with depression, 4) as high-dose (250-500 micrograms/die) T4-treatment of "rapid cycling bipolar disorder".
When the cells were held at -80 mV, taurine (20 mM) had the following effects: 1) The current voltage relationships crossed over so that taurine increased INa at potentials negative to -45 mV, and at more positive potentials it depressed the current; 2) taurine reduced the maximal Na conductance from 536.3 +/- 72.2 to 253.6 +/- 33.6 microS.cm-2; 3) the crossing over of the I/V curves was mainly caused by a hyperpolarizing shift of V1/2 of the steady-state activation by 6.3 mV; 4) the crossing over was independent of a -4.6 mV shift of V1/2 of the steady-state inactivation and 5) taurine increased significantly the time constant of reactivation between -90 and -70 mV, but we did not find evidence that taurine changed the time constant of inactivation between -40 and +20 mV.
Growth-promoting effect of SNP-derived NO was independent of guanilat cyclase activation, because dibutyryl cGMP did not affect IL-2-triggered splenocyte proliferation.
At this concentration, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate potentiated the responses to bombesin and to acetylcholine.
Our results demonstrate, for the first time, a biological action of synthetic IGF-II in granulosa cells and further show a novel insulin effect, enhancement of LH/hCG receptor induction.
The transcription factor YY1 is a complex protein that is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters.
However, abdominal fat cell lipolysis measured with an alpha 2-(clonidine) or a beta-agonist (isoproterenol) was unrelated to metabolic variables.
Although an explanation for these findings is not readily available, it is suggested that complex ionic interactions and possibly oxygen free radical generation may lead to intracellular Ca2+ overload, depression in mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate generation, and, hence, deterioration in mechanical recovery.
Effect of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on secretion patterns and rates of corticotrophin-releasing hormone, arginine vasopressin and adrenocorticotrophin in horses.
Repertoire cloning of Ab2-Fab may facilitate the generation of Ab2 that have potential as modulators of immune responses against various antigens.
For the evaluation of possible cholinergic interactions in the paradoxical sleep (PS) increasing effect of AMPT, an atropine pretreatment was given to a group of cats receiving AMPT.
Dilution of DNA adducts by DNA replication was documented in pulse-chase experiments that employed [3H]thymidine incorporation.
The combination of early and late dosage down-regulated IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 expression, but increased IFN-gamma expression and production in the BAL cells and fluids.
Chromosomal aberrations and dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification are observed in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells after treatment with hydroxyurea.
Sufficient alpha 4 integrin or VCAM-1 Ab was present to inhibit leukocyte interactions with rat VCAM-1 by 95-100%.
Pre-ovulatory oxytocin administration promotes the onset of the luteinizing hormone surge in human females.
FGF raised the threshold for glutamate neurotoxicity.
Moreover, the numbers of MAP2- and cdk2-positive neurons also decreased in a similar manner.
Together with evidence accumulated in vitro, these results strongly support the idea that the Pcna-dependent pathway predominantly acts in BER of radiation-induced DNA damage in vivo.
These results suggest that some ubiquitous factors different from the androgen receptors could be involved in the regulation of the arginine esterase gene.
The other is an amidase, of which molecular weight was 70,000, also required millimolar concentration of Ca2+, hydrolyzed a synthetic substrate for chymotrypsin, Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-MCA, with optimal pH at 7.2.
On ultrathin sections, ferritin particles were observed closely associated with the electron-dense material precipitated by CPC on the surface of the pollen grains.
We investigated the mechanism underlying stimulation of gastric HCO3- secretion by the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in anaesthetized rats.
Swelling was inhibited by cysteine and DTNB, and the CMNQ induced swelling resulted in a decrease in mitochondrial reactive sulfhydryl groups; thus, mitochondrial sulfhydryl interaction was mandatory in the CMNQ swelling process.
Selective metal binding to oligonucleotides may be related to sequence-dependent variation in molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) along the chain.
The myocardial protective effect of phosphate diester linkage of vitamin E and vitamin C (EPC-K1), a new hydroxyl radical scavenger, was investigated in an isolated working rat heart model.
In this study, we investigated a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector for its potential application in RA gene therapy. rAAV encoding Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase was injected into rat joints which had already been induced into acute arthritis after local lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, and the efficiency of in vivo transduction was evaluated.
To assess the possible role of Na+/H+ exchange in ischemia-reflow damage during cold preservation, pig hearts retrogradely perfused with Krebs-Henseleit (KH) bicarbonate buffer were arrested by increasing [K+] (to 17 mM), cooled (10 degrees C) and subjected to no flow ischemia for 15 h in the absence (C, n = 5) and in the presence of 0.5 mM amiloride (A, n = 5).
The inhibitory arachidonate action on labeling was not affected by blocking the substrate-binding site by micromolar amounts of the competitive inhibitor L-739,010.
The cerebrovascular reactivity (% change +/- SD in cortical CBF/mm Hg PaCO2, measured by hydrogen clearance) of hyponatraemic (4.8 +/- 3.0%) and SAH (1.3 +/- 2.0%) animals was significantly less (p less than 0.05) than control (11.6 +/- 4.0%) and sham (8 +/- 2.0%) animals, whereas the reactivity of hyponatraemic-SAH animals was preserved (9.8 +/- 6.0%).
Because the number of blue spots was considered to correspond to the number of ostia of the salivary gland on the lower lip that was examined, the number of blue spots occurring as a reaction of iodine and starch on the test tape was counted and was compared among three groups.
Compared with those at 10.00 h, NOS mRNA levels were increased significantly at 12.00 h and the LH surge occurred at 16.00 h in young rats.
In the blood perfused hind limb LTC4, D4 and E4 increased the perfusion pressure in a dose-dependent fashion whereas LTF4 decreased perfusion pressure.
Suppression of the secondary response was used here to ascertain whether the initial low level of anti-dextran antibodies elicited in 15-day-old animals was sufficient to lead to inhibition of the secondary response.
When using double-stranded DNA as a substrate, we observed IntI1 binding to attI but not to attC.
Intra-arterial injection of increasing doses of acetylcholine, nicotine, carbachol and pilocarpine into the pain reflex ear of the rabbit dose-dependently caused a reflex fall in mean arterial blood pressure.
Transcarboxylase (TC) from Propionibacterium shermanii, a biotin-dependent enzyme, catalyzes the transfer of a carboxyl group from methylmalonyl-CoA to pyruvate to form propionyl-CoA and oxalacetate.
Dual regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 levels by insulin and cortisol during fasting.
Evaluation of NPY release in vitro showed that both basal and KCl-induced release was significantly higher from the micro-dissected PVN of STZ-treated than control rats.
In the present study, we evaluated the impact of atorvastatin, a newly developed inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase, on the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-mediated remodeling of apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoprotein subspecies, and more specifically, the particle subpopulations of VLDL and LDL in CHL.
Eight normal males received single oral doses of BRL35135 8 mg (BRL) or the selective beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol 8 mg (SAL), after pretreatment with either placebo (PL), bisoprolol 5 mg (B5) as a selective beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, or nadolol 20 mg (N20) to block beta 1- and beta 2- but not beta 3-receptors.
Human fibroblasts can be employed to further study metal regulatory factors whose binding to metal regulatory elements is influenced by copper and other heavy metals.
Salt-induced activation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors to a DNA binding form.
Furthermore, agonists that increase AA release stimulated MKP-1 induction and activation of MAPKs, including extracellular signal-regulated kinases and c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinases or stress-activated protein kinases.
The Bacillus subtilis Sfp protein activates the peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) domains of surfactin synthetase by transferring the 4'-phosphopantetheinyl moiety of coenzyme A (CoA) to a serine residue conserved in all PCPs.
The development of beta-lactamase-producing strains of the common respiratory tract pathogens Hemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis has caused increasing resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents, including ampicillin and amoxicillin, that are traditionally used to treat respiratory tract infections.
A statistically significant similarity was demonstrated between the amino acid sequences of 4 Escherichia coli helicases and helicase subunits, a family of non-structural proteins of eukaryotic positive-strand RNA viruses and 2 herpesvirus proteins all of which contain an NTP-binding sequence motif.
The data suggest that the effects of both peptides are mediated through a common PACAP-preferring receptor that is pharmacologically different from the mammalian PACAP type I receptor.
Ampicillin-based regimens are more likely than cefuroxime to produce drug-resistant strains in the newborn.
Plasma aldosterone values increased slightly from day 1 to day 15, sodium excretion increased from 125.9 mmol to 166.5 mmol/24 h; however, both changes in the 24-hour profiles were nonsignificant.
Colony-stimulating factor-1 induces cytoskeletal reorganization and c-src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of selected cellular proteins in rodent osteoclasts.
These data demonstrate that steroidogenic competence of the placenta differs with gestational age and that GnRH can influence steroid release.
Cofilin phosphorylation and actin reorganization activities of testicular protein kinase 2 and its predominant expression in testicular Sertoli cells.
Differential regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin gene transcription in the hypothalamus by norepinephrine.
On the other hand, there was no change of serum levels of IL-1 and IL-8 serum levels of IL-1ra and IL-6 even increased at the end of single PE, in spite of high levels of all cytokines and adhesion molecules in plasmafiltrate.
Amrinone produces in these preparations a proportionally larger increase in cardiac output than in oxygen consumption, thus this agent increases cardiac efficiency.
The stimuli included: (1) a silicone contact lens; (2) a silicone contact lens in combination with anoxia; (3) anoxia alone; (4) a thick hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) contact lens; and (5) a gas mixture of 9.8% carbon dioxide, 20.5% oxygen, and the balance nitrogen.
Recently we have reported the molecular characterisation of a single-domain endoglucanase from Cellvibrio mixtus, suggesting that some cellulases produced by this aerobic bacterium preferentially hydrolyse soluble cellulosic substrates.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3)transactivates the avian beta 3 integrin gene whose promoter contains at least two vitamin D response elements, one of which is in close proximity to a candidate AP1 site (TGACTCA).
These data indicate that apoE phenotype modulates the LDL cholesterol-lowering response to a diet meeting NCEP Step 1 criteria, and that male subjects carrying the apoE4 allele are more responsive than other subjects.
Effective reduction of plasma lipids and lipoproteins is associated with a decline in the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease and cardiovascular mortality.
Modulation of TCR signaling by beta1 integrins: role of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1.
1